// Bitcoin · Research · 2026 · 12 min read

The Bitcoin
Power Law -
Health & Stress Indicators

Two original indicators that measure the accumulated weight of history and what they're saying at this moment in Bitcoin's cycle

Bitcoin's price, when plotted on a log-log scale, traces a remarkably straight line over time. This is the signature of a power law - a pattern where one quantity scales as a fixed power of another.

Standard power law trackers show where price sits in the channel today. The two indicators developed here ask a different question: how much weighted history of deviation has accumulated, and what does that imply about where price needs to go?

Live tracker & charts filipas.com/bitcoin →
Part I · The Power Law Foundation

What Is the Power Law?

The model was rigorously formulated and popularized by physicist Giovanni Santostasi, who showed that Bitcoin's price since genesis follows the form:

P(t) = a × tb Best-fit values: P(t) = 1.0117 × 10−17 × t5.82 where t = days since genesis block (January 3, 2009)

On a log-log chart, this becomes a straight line. Bitcoin's price has followed this trajectory across more than fifteen years and six orders of magnitude of price growth.

The Three Bands

Around the regression line, two historically meaningful boundaries have emerged:

Band Multiplier Interpretation
Support floor × 0.42 Lower bound - breached only once in recorded history: March 2020, the COVID crash.
Regression line × 1.0 Fair value pivot. Price above suggests trimming; below suggests accumulating.
Resistance ceiling × 1.5 Derived from the Stress Oscillator - the level a realistic spike must reach to restore balance.

Each successive cycle peak occurs at a lower multiple of the regression line. The regression line itself grows at roughly 40–50% per year. Price has always returned to it after both peaks and troughs.

2013
15×
2017
2021
2025
1.1×
Part II · The Indicators

A Shared Foundation:
Recency Weighting

Both indicators share a common weighting scheme: a 4-year exponential half-life - a data point from four years ago counts half as much as one from today.

w(t) = 2−(age_in_years ÷ 4) Recent price behaviour carries more signal than ancient history

Indicator 1:
Law Health

Concept

Law Health measures the accumulated log-proportional deviation of price from the regression line, weighted by recency. It answers: has Bitcoin spent more weighted time above or below fair value?

The log scale makes the metric scale-invariant. A 10× deviation in 2013 (at $100) registers the same as a 10× deviation today. Every cycle is treated equally in proportional terms.

Formula

Health(t) = Σ [ log₁₀( Pᵢ / Rᵢ ) × wᵢ ] Pᵢ = price in month i · Rᵢ = regression value · wᵢ = age weight Sum runs over all months from 2011 to present

Normalization (0–100 scale)

100 · maximum Nov 2014 - full weight of 2013 cycle, most overextended ever
0 · equilibrium Never reached in recorded history
Current reading ~4 - lowest level ever recorded

The balance has never gone negative. Even the 2015–2016 trough drained it from 8.73 down to 1.37 - but never to zero. The regression line grows so fast that even deep bear markets leave price above it for most of the decline.

Indicator 2:
Law Stress Oscillator

Concept

The Law Stress Oscillator measures the accumulated dollar deviation of price from the regression line, weighted by recency. Where Health is scale-invariant (log), Stress is dollar-denominated (linear) - sensitive to the modern era of large dollar values.

Think of it as a spring. Every month price is above regression, the spring extends. Every month below, the spring compresses. The restoring force is proportional to how compressed or extended the spring currently is.

Formula

Stress(t) = Σ [ ( PᵢRᵢ ) × wᵢ ] Result is in dollar-months - a dollar-weighted measure of time away from fair value

Normalization (0–100 scale)

0 · max compression Current state - never been lower
100 · max extension Nov 2021 - peak of the most dollar-significant cycle

The Recovery Target

When the Stress balance is negative, we can estimate what spike would restore balance. Using the triangle approximation for a realistic 3–4 month spike:

Peak gap = |Stress deficit| ÷ 1.5 Recovery price = Regression at spike midpoint + Peak gap Current deficit implies a recovery peak of approximately $200,000–$250,000
Part III · Current Reading

What the Indicators
Are Saying Now

As of early 2026, with Bitcoin trading around $82,000 against a regression line of approximately $130,000:

Law Health
4 / 100
Lowest reading in Bitcoin's recorded history. Log-surplus from prior cycles almost entirely worked off.
Law Stress Oscillator
0 / 100
Maximum compression. Dollar-weighted deficit is the largest ever recorded - exceeding the lows of 2015 and 2019 in dollar terms.
BTC spot price ~$82,000
Regression (fair value) ~$130,000
Discount to regression ~36% below
Stress recovery target ~$200,000 – $250,000

Both indicators are simultaneously at or near their historical floors. In prior cycles this level of dual compression has not been observed - 2021 was the only year when both simultaneously approached their ceilings (Health at 72/100, Stress at 99/100).

The structural imbalance currently accumulated is the largest in Bitcoin's history. If the power law continues to hold, the restoring forces are at their strongest recorded level.

The law has been
fully worked off.
The spring is at maximum compression.

The power law model does not predict when recovery will occur. But it does assert that the structural imbalance currently accumulated - measured by both the log-proportional and dollar-weighted metrics - is the largest in Bitcoin's history.

What comes next is a matter of when, not if - at least if fifteen years of data mean anything.

POSITION ACCORDINGLY...
Power Law Tracker
Live charts, current readings, and historical data
filipas.com/bitcoin →
Disclaimer

This article is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice. The power law model is a historical observation and not a guarantee of future performance. Bitcoin is a volatile asset. Always do your own research.

References

Giovanni Santostasi (@Giovann35084111) - original power law research and regression fit

BitBo (@BitboBTC) - power law popularization and tooling

Power Law Tracker - filipas.com/bitcoin

MF
MARIO FILIPAS
Senior Director, Cloud GPU Software · AMD · University of Waterloo

Leading 150 engineers across Canada, Serbia, and China building GPU virtualization software for AMD's Instinct AI accelerators. I think about what's next...with urgency. I run on AI.

All posts